Three uses of 才 (cái) in Chinese grammar: only, just now / not until, emphasis ②

update time:2025-05-12 13:16:27 Number of clicks:623 hits

才 meaning “not until”

The next meaning of 才 we'll look at is “not until”. This is also very  common. When used in this way, 才 is always followed by a verb or verb  phrase. Another thing to note is that when 才 means “not until”, it  usually means that the event is expected or anticipated.

Some examples:

我们十点上课,可是她十一点才来。

Wǒmen shí diǎn shàngkè, kěshì tā shíyī diǎn cái lái.

We start class at 10, but she didn't arrive until 11.

他明天才走。

Tā míngtiān cái zǒu.

He's not leaving until tomorrow.

你怎么现在才来?

Nǐ zěnme xiànzài cái lái?

How come you've only just got here?

你做完作业才可以出去。

Nǐ zuò wán zuòyè cái kěyǐ chūqù.

You can't go out until you've finished your homework.

Always remember that when using 才 to talk about timings, you don't use 了. The two characters 才 and 了 don't generally play well together; it's one or the other.

Another little tip that you might find useful is that when 才 is used  with times, you could think of it as being the opposite of ‘already’.  ‘Already’ can suggest that something happened earlier than expected,  whereas 才 can suggest that it happened later than expected.

As well as talking about actual times, 才 can be used a little more  idiomatically to talk about whether things qualify or meet certain  standards. Some examples should make this idea clearer:

到北方才能吃到真正的饺子!

Dào běifāng cáinéng chī dào zhēnzhèng de jiǎozi!

You can only get real dumplings in the north!

这才算一个充分的理由。

Zhè cái suàn yīgè chōngfèn de lǐyóu.

Now_ that's _a good reason.

这样做才对。

Zhèyàng zuò cái duì.

_That's_ the way to do it. ["It's not right until you do it this way."]

As you can see, it's not totally clear if this use of 才 is closer to  “only” or “not until”. Hopefully it demonstrates how all these uses of 才  are related. They're all have something to do with meeting certain  levels or certain lines being crossed.

If you've seen this clip  from the film Crocodile Dundee, you might be able to get a good sense  of using 才 in this way. In the scene, Crocodile Dundee is not impressed  by the knife a mugger is trying to threaten him with. He pulls out his  own much larger knife and says “This is a knife.” In Chinese, you could use 才 in that situation:

那不是刀… 这才是刀!

Nà bùshì dāo… zhè cái shì dāo!

That's not a knife... _this _is a knife!  


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